支气管完全闭塞致肺内气体减少及肺体积缩小,形成阻塞性肺不张(obstructive atelectasis),可并发阻塞性肺炎(obstructive pneumonia)。一侧全肺不张(atelectasis of an entire lung):患侧肺野致密不透光(radiopacity),胸廓塌陷,肋间隙变窄(narrowing of the intercostalspaee),纵隔向患侧移位,对侧肺代偿性通气过度compensatory hyperinflation)(图4‐1‐3‐。2)间接征象 ......